Villetteisan1853novelwrittenbyEnglishauthorCharlotteBront?.Villettebeginswithitsfamouslypassiveprotagonist,LucySnowe,age14,stayingatthehomeofhergodmotherMrs.Brettonin"thecleanandancienttownofBretton",inEngland.Afteranunspecifiedfamilydisaster,theprotagonistLucySnowetravelsfromhernativeEnglandtothefictionalFrench-speakingcityofVillettetoteachatagirls'school,wheresheisdrawnintoadventureandromance.Duringthecourseofthenovel,Lucyhasthreeencounterswiththefigureofanun—whichmaybetheghostofanunwhowasburiedaliveontheschool'sgroundsaspunishmentforbreakinghervowofchastity.Inahighlysymbolicsceneneartheendofthenovel,shediscoversthe"nun's"habitinherbedanddestroysit.ShelaterfindsoutthatitwasadisguisewornbyGinevra'samour,AlfreddeHamal.Theepisodeswiththenunnodoubtcontributedsubstantiallytothenovel'sreputationasagothicnovel.

AgnesGreyisthedebutnovelofEnglishauthorAnneBront?(writingunderthepennameofActonBell),firstpublishedinDecember1847,andrepublishedinasecondeditionin1850.Agnes,hersisterMary,andtheirmotheralltrytokeepexpenseslowandbringinextramoney,butAgnesisfrustratedthateveryonetreatsherlikeachild.Toproveherselfandtoearnmoney,sheisdeterminedtogetapositionasagoverness.Eventually,sheobtainsarecommendationfromawell-placedacquaintance,isofferedaposition,andsecuresherparents'permission.Withsomemisgivings,shetravelstoWellwoodhousetoworkfortheBloomfieldfamily.ThechoiceofcentralcharacterallowsAnnetodealwithissuesofoppressionandabuseofwomenandgovernesses,isolationandideasofempathy.Anadditionalthemeisthefairtreatmentofanimals.AgnesGreyalsomimicssomeofthestylisticapproachesofbildungsromans,employingideasofpersonalgrowthandcomingtoage,butrepresentingacharacterwhoinfactdoesnotgaininvirtue.

AdamSmithwasaScottishmoralphilosopher,pioneerofpoliticaleconomy,andakeyfigureintheScottishEnlightenment.TheWealthofNationsPublishedin1778,wasthefirstbookoneconomicstocatchthepublic'sattention.Itprovidesarecipefornationalprosperitythathasnotbeenbetteredsince,basedonsmallgovernmentandthefreedomofcitizenstoactintheirbestinterests.Itreassuringlyassumesnoknowledgeofitssubject,andover200yearsonstillprovidesvaluablelessonsonthefundamentalsofeconomics.

FromoneofthefoundingexecutivesofFedExcomesthefirstfullinsidestoryofhowFedExcametobeoneoftheworld'smostsuccessful,innovative,andadmiredcompanies.Frockrevealsthedetailsofhowthecompanywasconceived,launched,andkeptafloatdespiteincredibleobstacles.

In1987,aposthumouscollectionofErnestHemingway'sshortfiction:TheFincaVigíaEdition-theCompleteShortStoriesofErnestHemingway,waspublished.ItcontainstheclassicFirstForty-NineStoriesandanumberofotherworksandaforewordbyhissons.InthisdefinitivecollectionofErnestHemingway'sshortstories,readerswillAppreciatetheauthor'smostbelovedclassicssuchas"TheSnowsofKilimanjaro,""HillsLikeWhiteElephants,"and"AClean,Well-LightedPlace,"andwilldiscoversevennewtalespublishedforthefirsttimeinthiscollection.ThesevenunpublishedstoriesincludedinTheCompleteShortStoriesofErnestHemingway:TheFincaVigíaEditionare"ATrainTrip","ThePorter","BlackAssattheCrossRoads","LandscapewithFigures","IGuessEverythingRemindsYouofSomething","GreatNewsfromtheMainland",and"TheStrangeCountry".ForHemingwayfansTheCompleteShortStoriesisaninvaluabletreasury.

LittleDorritbyCharlesDickensisoriginallypublishedinserialformbetween1855and1857.ThestoryfeaturesAmyDorrit,youngestchildofherfamily,bornandraisedintheMarshalseaprisonfordebtorsinLondon.ArthurClennamencountersherafterreturninghomefroma20-yearabsence,readytobeginhislifeanew.InhisIntroduction,DavidGatesarguesthat"intensityofimaginationisthegiftfromwhichDickens'sothergreatattributesderive:hiseyeandear,hisnear-universalempathy,hisabilitytoentertainbothasenseoftheridiculousandasenseofultimatesignificance."Thenovelsatirisestheshortcomingsofbothgovernmentandsociety,includingtheinstitutionofdebtors'prisons,wheredebtorswereimprisoned,unabletowork,untiltheyrepaidtheirdebts.TheprisoninthiscaseistheMarshalsea,whereDickens'sownfatherhadbeenimprisoned.Dickensisalsocriticalofthelackofasocialsafetynet,thetreatmentandsafetyofindustrialworkers,aswellthebureaucracyoftheBritishTreasury,intheformofhisfictional"CircumlocutionOffice".InadditionhesatirisesthestratificationofsocietythatresultsfromtheBritishclasssystem.

Atimelesstaleofadventure,romance,intrigue,andrevenge,"TheThreeMusketeers"isthecaptivatingstory.Ahistoricalromance,thisnoveltellsoftheadventuresofthehot-headedyoungGascon,d'ArtagnanandhisthreecompanionsAthos,PorthosandAramisastheygallantlydefendtheQueenofFrance,usingtheirwitandtheirswords.TheymustfoilthenefariousplottingofCardinalRichelieuagainsttheKingandQueen,despitehisappearanceasanally.D'ArtagnanandthethreeMusketeersmustalsoovercomethevillainousmachinationsofMiladydeWinter,whoselethalcriminalitythreatensthoseinpoliticalpowerandtheloveofd'ArtgnanforConstanceBonacieux.Dumas'classicstory,firstserializedin1844,hasenthralledreaderswithitsfast-pacedplot,endearingcharacters,andromanticideals,immortalizedbythemotto"oneforall,allforone."

本套书的特点就是以历史发展为主线，选编的课文取材于不同时代、具有广泛社会影响及文学代表意义的作品，这既实现了语言学习的工具性，同时也完整体现了语文教育的人文性、综合性及开放性，对于青少年文学综合素质的培养有很深远的影响。邀请北京大学外国语学院的相关专家，历时多年精心编译而成的作品。同时，我们也参考了国内相关的出版成果，在此谨表谢意。相信通过这本经典教材，青少年朋友一定可以养成良好的学习习惯，积累优秀的学习方法，增强自主学习的能力。

菲尔的生活本来平谈安稳，但命运突然把他逼到悬岸边上。原来菲尔的父亲突然去世，而继母和弟弟却早就把他视为眼中钉。于是继母不怀好意地告诉了菲尔一个秘密——他已故半年的父亲并不是他的亲生父亲，他的生父在他3岁时把菲尔留在这个家后便一去不回。菲尔眼前的一切彻底改变了，他不愿再依赖继母生活下去，毅然决定只身到纽约去闯世界。

TheMurdersintheRueMorgueisashortstorybyEdgarAllanPoepublishedinGraham'sMagazinein1841.IthasbeenclaimedasthefirstdetectivestoryandalsoasthemodelforSherlockHolmesandHerculePoirot;Poereferredtoitasoneofhis"talesofratiocination".SimilarworkspredatePoe'sstories,includingDasFrauleinvonScuderi(1819)byE.T.A.HoffmannandZadig(1748)byVoltaire.DetectiveC.AugusteDupinisfacedwiththemostpuzzlingcaseofhiscareeraswitnessaccountscontradicteachotherandkeyevidencefromtheperpetratordoesnotappeartobehumanwhenthemutilatedbodiesofMadameL'EspanayeandherdaughterarefoundintherueMorgue.InthestoryallofParisisinshockfollowingtheghastlymurderoftwowomen-butwithallwitnessesclaimingtohaveheardthesuspectspeakadifferentlanguage,thepolicearestumped.WhenDupinfindsasuspicioushairatthecrimescene,andplacesanadvertinthenewspaperaskingifanyonehaslostan'Ourang-Outang',thingstakeanunexpectedturn…

EdgarAllanisapioneeroftheshortstorygenre.Hisstoriestypicallycapturedthemesofthemacabreandincludedelementsofthemysterious."TheGold-Bug"isashortstorybyEdgarAllanPoepublishedin1843.Thestory,setonSullivan'sIsland,SouthCarolina,isoftencomparedwithPoe's"talesofratiocination"asanearlyformofdetectivefiction.Poebecameawareofthepublic'sinterestinsecretwritingin1840andaskedreaderstochallengehisskillsasacode-breaker.Hetookadvantageofthepopularityofcryptographyashewaswriting"TheGold-Bug",andthesuccessofthestorycentersononesuchcryptogram.TheplotfollowsWilliamLegrandwhowasbittenbyagold-coloredbug.HisservantJupiterfearsthatLegrandisgoinginsaneandgoestoLegrand'sfriend,anunnamednarrator,whoagreestovisithisoldfriend.Legrandpullstheothertwointoanadventureafterdecipheringasecretmessagethatwillleadtoaburiedtreasure.

TheAgeofInnocenceisEdithWharton'stwelfthnovel,initiallyserializedinfourpartsinthePictorialReviewmagazinein1920,andlaterreleasedbyD.AppletonandCompanyasabookinNewYorkandinLondon.Itwonthe1921PulitzerPrizeforFiction,makingitthefirstnovelwrittenbyawomantowinthePulitzerPrizeforFiction,andthusWhartonthefirstwomantowintheprize.Thestoryissetinupper-classNewYorkCityinthe1870s.

SonsandLoversfirstpublishedin1913,theModernLibraryplaceditninthontheirlistofthe100bestnovelsofthe20thcentury.Whilethenovelinitiallyincitedalukewarmcriticalreception,alongwithallegationsofobscenity,itistodayregardedasamasterpiecebymanycriticsandisoftenregardedasLawrence'sfinestachievement.

ResurrectiontellsthestoryofaRussiannoblemanwhocomesfacetofacewiththesinsofhispast.Thisnovelisbothatrenchantdenunciationofgovernment,aristocracy,thejudicialsystem,andtheChurchaswellasahighlypersonalstatementofTolstoy'sbeliefinhumanredemptionandspiritualdevelopment.WhenPrinceNekhlyudovservesonajuryatthetrialofaprostitutearrestedformurder,heishorrifiedtodiscoverthattheaccusedisawomanhehadonceseducedandabandoned.HisguiltatthecentralroleheplayedinherruinsoonleadshimonaquestforforgivenessashefollowsherintotheprisonsofSiberia.

《王子与贫儿》描写了王子爱德华和贫儿汤姆通过一个偶然机会阴差阳错地互换了位置，王子变成了贫儿，贫儿变成了王子的故事。贫儿汤姆穿着王子的衣服在王宫里尽享荣华富贵，还当上了英国的新国王。而真正的王子爱德华却在外四处流浪，不得不忍受贫穷和乞丐们欺凌和嘲讽。在好人霍顿的帮助下，爱德华王子经历了重重劫难，改正了自己的坏习惯，最后终于回到了王宫。而贫儿汤姆在良心的谴责下，将不属于自己的王位还给了真正的王子。

TheDoubleisanovellawrittenbyFyodorDostoevsky.ItwasfirstpublishedonJanuary30,1846intheFatherlandNotes.ItwassubsequentlyrevisedandrepublishedbyDostoevskyin1866.TheDoublecentersonagovernmentclerkwhogoesmad.Itdealswiththeinternalpsychologicalstruggleofitsmaincharacter,YakovPetrovichGolyadkin,whorepeatedlyencounterssomeonewhoishisexactdoubleinappearancebutconfident,aggressive,andextroverted,characteristicsthatarethepolaroppositestothoseofthetoadying"pushover"protagonist.Themotifofthenovellaisadoppelg?nger(dvoynik).Golyadkinisatitularcouncillor.Thisisrank9intheTableofRanksestablishedbyPetertheGreat.Asrankeightledtohereditarynobility,[3]beingatitularcouncillorissymbolicofalow-levelbureaucratstillstrugglingtosucceed.GolyadkinhasaformativediscussionwithhisDoctorRutenspitz,whofearsforhissanityandtellshimthathisbehaviorisdangerouslyantisocial.Heprescribes"cheerfulcompany"astheremedy.Golyadkinresolvestotrythis,andleavestheoffice.HeproceedstoabirthdaypartyforKlaraOlsufyevna,thedaughterofhisofficemanager.Hewasuninvited,andaseriesoffauxpasleadtohisexpulsionfromtheparty.Onhiswayhomethroughasnowstorm,heencountershisdouble,wholooksexactlylikehim.Thefollowingtwothirdsofthenovelthendealswiththeirevolvingrelationship.Atfirst,GolyadkinSr.(theoriginalmaincharacter)andGolyadkinJr.(hisdouble)arefriends,butGolyadkinJr.proceedstoattempttotakeoverSr.'slife,andtheybecomebitterenemies.BecauseGolyadkinJr.hasallthecharm,unctuousnessandsocialskillsthatGolyadkinSr.lacks,heisverywell-likedamongtheofficecolleagues.Atthestory'sconclusion,GolyadkinSr.beginstoseemanyreplicasofhimself,hasapsychoticbreak,andisdraggedofftoanasylumbyDoctorRutenspitz.

采用传统章节模式编写，力求从学生好用、实用、够用的角度出发，增加内容的时代性、通俗些，图文并茂，做到内容、目标和要求应该有的完整体系。本书突出英语教材的全球性，全部章节均用纯英语编写，选用真实、地道和典型的语言素材，文字简明流畅，避免前后内容的交叉重复，避免过多口语化的叙述和不准确的带个人偏颇的解释。按照英语本科教学三年级学生学时少、任务重的教学特点，以及学生可承受的教材定价等原因，该书以够用、实用为主导，最终定稿字数为24万字左右。本书由3部分组成——英国文学选读与欣赏、新西兰文学选读与欣赏、美国文学选读与欣赏，共10个单元，每单元含6个小节——文本、作家、文本分析、文本鉴赏、课后讨论和延伸阅读。

LittleDorritisanovelbyCharlesDickenswhichsatirisestheshortcomingsofbothgovernmentandsociety,includingtheinstitutionofdebtors'prisons,wheredebtorswereimprisoned,unabletowork,untiltheyrepaidtheirdebts.TheprisoninthiscaseistheMarshalsea,whereDickens'sownfatherhadbeenimprisoned.Dickensisalsocriticalofthelackofasocialsafetynet,thetreatmentandsafetyofindustrialworkers,aswellthebureaucracyoftheBritishTreasury,intheformofhisfictional"CircumlocutionOffice".InhisIntroduction,DavidGatesarguesthat"intensityofimaginationisthegiftfromwhichDickens'sothergreatattributesderive:hiseyeandear,hisnear-universalempathy,hisabilitytoentertainbothasenseoftheridiculousandasenseofultimatesignificance."Dickenscriticizesthehierarchicalsocietywhichwoulddemandsuchanimpossiblethingofaman,andalsoquestionswhichclassoftheiracquaintancearegoodpeopleandtruefriends.

Privatizationhasbeenontheright-wingagendaforyears.Theymakeapowerfulcasethatthemarketisnotthemeasureofallthings,andthatavitalpublicsectorisanindispensablecomponentofahealthydemocracy.

TheBattleofLifeistheonlyoneofthefiveChristmasBooksbyCharlesDickensthathasnosupernaturalorexplicitlyreligiouselements.(OnescenetakesplaceatChristmastime,butitisnotthefinalscene.)ThestorybearssomeresemblancetoTheCricketontheHearthintworespects:ithasanon-urbansetting,anditisresolvedwitharomantictwist.ItisevenlessofasocialnovelthanisCricket.AsistypicalwithDickens,theendingisahappyone.Thisnovellawasfirstpublishedin1846.Twosisters,GraceandMarion,livehappilyinanEnglishvillagewiththeirtwoservants,andtheirgood-naturedwidowerfatherDrJeddler.Marion,theyoungersister,isbetrothedtoAlfredHeathfield,Jeddler'swardwhoisleavingthevillagetocompletehisstudies.HeentrustsMariontoGrace'scareandmakesapromisetoreturntowinMarion'shand.OnthedaythatAlfredistoreturn,however,itisdiscoveredthatMarionhasrunoff.Afternursingheartbreak,AlfredmarriesGraceinsteadofMarionandshebearshimadaughter,alsocalledMarion.OnthebirthdayofMarion,GraceconfidestoAlfredthatMarionhasmadeapromisetoexplainherso-called"elopement"inperson.Marionindeedappearsthateveningbysunsetandexplainsherdisappearancetothepartiesinvolved.ItturnsoutthatMarionhasnot"eloped"buthasinsteadbeenlivingatherauntMartha'splacesoastoallowAlfredtofallinlovewithGrace.